In 1846, the governments of Britain and the United States signed the Oregon Treaty, establishing the 49th parallel as the border between their territories. Three years later, the U.S Army established the Vancouver Barracks, the Pacific Northwest’s first American military post. The post was located just uphill from the Hudson’s Bay Company’s Fort Vancouver, and when the HBC moved its headquarters to Victoria, British Columbia in 1860, the Army took over the Fort. The headquarters of the Department of Columbia was charged with keeping the peace in present-day Oregon, Washington, Montana, Idaho
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